FastAPI is a modern Python web framework for building APIs. It's the fastest Python framework, with automatic OpenAPI documentation, type validation via Pydantic, and native async/await support. It's rapidly becoming the default for Python API development.

How FastAPI Works

FastAPI uses Python type hints to automatically validate requests, serialize responses, and generate interactive API docs (Swagger UI). A typed endpoint like def get_user(user_id: int) -> User automatically validates the input and documents the output.

Key Concepts

  • Pydantic Models — Define data schemas with Python type hints — automatic validation, serialization, and documentation
  • Async Support — Native async/await for high-performance I/O — handles thousands of concurrent connections
  • Auto-Generated Docs — Swagger UI and ReDoc documentation generated automatically from your type annotations

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Frequently Asked Questions

FastAPI vs Express.js?

FastAPI (Python) has automatic validation, docs, and type safety. Express.js (Node.js) has a larger ecosystem and JavaScript's ubiquity. Choose based on your team's language preference.

Is FastAPI production-ready?

Yes. It's used by Microsoft, Netflix, and Uber. Run with uvicorn behind Nginx for production.