Glossary

What Is Infrastructure as Code?

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is managing cloud infrastructure through configuration files rather than manual setup. Tools like Terraform, Pulumi, and AWS CloudFormation let you define servers, databases, and networks in code, version it in Git, and apply changes automatically.

How Infrastructure as Code Works

Without IaC, setting up infrastructure means clicking through cloud console UIs — unrepeatable, undocumented, and error-prone. With IaC, your entire infrastructure is defined in code files. Need a new environment? Run terraform apply. Need to revert? Check out the previous commit.

Key Concepts

  • Declarative Configuration — You describe the desired end state (I want 3 servers), and the tool figures out what to create, modify, or destroy
  • State Management — IaC tools track what exists (state file) and compare it to what you've defined to determine changes
  • Drift Detection — Identifying when actual infrastructure differs from what's defined in code — happens when someone makes manual changes

Learn Infrastructure as Code — Top Videos

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Frequently Asked Questions

Should I use Terraform or Pulumi?

Terraform uses HCL (a domain-specific language) and has the largest ecosystem. Pulumi lets you write IaC in TypeScript, Python, or Go. Use Terraform for broad cloud support; Pulumi if you prefer general-purpose languages.

Is IaC necessary for small projects?

For personal projects, maybe not. But any team project benefits from IaC — it documents your infrastructure, enables reproducible environments, and prevents 'it works on my machine' for infrastructure.

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Related Terms

TerraformDevOpsCloud NativeGitOpsYAML

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